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:''For other uses of the term see Traveler.'' Irish Travellers ((アイルランド語:an lucht siúil)) also called pavees, tinkers, or gypsies, are a traditionally itinerant ethnic group who maintain a set of traditions.〔Ethnicity and the American cemetery by Richard E. Meyer. 1993. "... though many of them crossed the Atlantic in centuries past to play their trade".〕〔''Questioning Gypsy identity: ethnic narratives in Britain and America'' by Brian Belton 〕 Although predominantly English speaking, some also use Shelta and other similar cants. They live mostly in Ireland as well as having large numbers in the United Kingdom and in the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Questioning Gypsy )〕 Their origin is disputed. Around 10,000 people in the United States are descendants of Travellers who left Ireland, mostly during the period between 1845 and 1860 during the Great Famine.〔Dan and Conor Casey, ''Irish America Magazine'', Sept/October1994〕 About 2,500 of them live in Murphy Village, a community outside North Augusta, South Carolina. ==Etymology== Travellers refer to themselves as ''Minkiers'' or ''Pavees'', or in Irish as , meaning literally "the walking people". Travellers are often referred to by the terms ''tinkers'', ''gipsies/gypsies'', ''itinerants'', or, pejoratively, ''knackers''〔'All right in their own place': Policing and the spatial regulation of Irish Travellers. ''Criminology and Criminal Justice'', July 2012 vol. 12 no. 3 307–327〕 in Ireland. Some of these terms refer to services that were traditionally provided by them — tinkering or tinsmithing, for example, being the mending of tinware such as pots and pans, and knackering being the acquisition of dead or old horses for slaughter. ''Tinker'' and especially ''knacker'' is used as a pejorative against Travellers in Ireland. The term ''gypsy'' first appeared in record in the 16th century from the continental Romani people in England and Scotland mistakenly thought to be Egyptians,〔(Okely, Judith. The Traveller-gypsies. New York: Cambridge, 1983. ), p158.〕 who arrived in Britain. Other names, specifically derogatory, such as ''pikey''〔"How the White Working Class Became 'Chav'" by J. Preston, ''Whiteness and Class in Education'', 2007〕 are also heard. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Irish Travellers」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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